Archimedes :: essays research papers

Archimedes is considered one of the three greatest mathematicians of all time along with Newton and Gauss. In his own time, he was known as "the wise one," "the master" and "the great geometer" and his works and inventions brought him fame that lasts to this very day. He was one of the last great Greek mathematicians. Born in 287 B.C., in Syracuse, a Greek seaport colony in Sicily, Archimedes was the son of Phidias, an astronomer. Except for his studies at Euclids school in Alexandria, he spent his entire animateness in his birthplace. Archimedes proved to be a master at mathematics and spent most of his time contemplating new problems to solve, becoming at times so involved in his work that he forgot to eat. Lacking the blackboards and paper of modern times, he used whatsoever available surface, from the dust on the ground to ashes from an eliminate fire, to draw his geometric figures. Never giving up an opportunity to ponder his work, after bathing and a nointing himself with olive crude oil, he would trace figures in the oil on his own skin. Much of Archimedes fame comes from his relationship with Hiero, the king of Syracuse, and Gelon, Hieros son. The great geometer had a close friendship with and may have been related to the monarch. In any case, he seemed to make a hobby out of solving the kings most complicated problems to the utter amazement of the sovereign. At one time, the king ordered a gold crown and gave the goldsmith the exact amount of metal to make it. When Hiero received it, the crown had the correct weight but the monarch suspected that most silver had been used instead of the gold. Since he could not prove it, he brought the problem to Archimedes. One day while considering the question, "the wise one" entered his bathtub and acknowledge that the amount of water that overflowed the tub was proportional the amount of his body that was submerged. This observation is now known as Archimedes Principle and gav e him the means to solve the problem. He was so excited that he ran naked through the streets of Syracuse shouting "Eureka eureka" (I have found it). The fraudulent goldsmith was brought to justice. Another time, Archimedes stated " circulate me a place to stand on and I will move the earth." King Hiero, who was absolutely astonished by the statement, asked him to prove it.